Journal: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Article Title: Irisin regulates integrin αvβ5/FAK/ERK to inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps formation and reduce pancreatic beta-cells pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01852-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Irisin inhibited the formation of NETs in STZ-induced T2DM mouse model and improved T2DM. A . Glucose tolerance test evaluated the glucose tolerance of T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 5; B . ELISA detected the plasma insulin levels of T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 5; C - D . ELISA detected the levels of Cit-H3 and MPO in the plasma of T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 5; E . ELISA detected the serum Irisin levels of T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 3; F - G . Western blotting detected the expression levels of related proteins in pyroptosis and phosphorylation levels of STING and IRE1a, N = 3; H . HE staining detected the morphology of pancreatic tissue in T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 3; I . Immunofluorescence staining detected the levels of Cit-H3 and MPO in pancreatic tissue of T2DM mice treated with Irisin, N = 3; ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Mouse Irisin ELISA kit (E-EL-M2743), LDH ELISA kit (E-EL-M0419), IL-18 ELISA kit (E-EL-M0730) were purchased from Elabscience.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Clinical Proteomics, Western Blot, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Article Title: Irisin regulates integrin αvβ5/FAK/ERK to inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps formation and reduce pancreatic beta-cells pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01852-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: NETs promoted high glucose-induced Min6 cell pyroptosis, but Irisin could inhibit NETs. A . ELISA detected insulin levels in Min6 culture media under different treatment conditions; B - D . Western blotting detected the expression levels of GSDMD-N and C-caspase-1 in Min6 cells under different treatment conditions; E - F . Flow cytometry detected Min6 cell pyroptosis under different treatment conditions; G . Sytox green staining marked the levels of NETs released under different conditions; N = 3, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Mouse Irisin ELISA kit (E-EL-M2743), LDH ELISA kit (E-EL-M0419), IL-18 ELISA kit (E-EL-M0730) were purchased from Elabscience.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Staining

Journal: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Article Title: Irisin regulates integrin αvβ5/FAK/ERK to inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps formation and reduce pancreatic beta-cells pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01852-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pyroptosis induced by NETs was regulated by NLRP1. A . Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of related proteins in pyroptosis in Min6 cells with NLRP1 knocked down; B . ELISA was used to detect the LDH, IL-1βand IL-18; C - D . Flow cytometry was used to detect pyroptosis in NLRP1 knocked down Min6 cells induced by NETs; N = 3, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Mouse Irisin ELISA kit (E-EL-M2743), LDH ELISA kit (E-EL-M0419), IL-18 ELISA kit (E-EL-M0730) were purchased from Elabscience.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Article Title: Irisin regulates integrin αvβ5/FAK/ERK to inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps formation and reduce pancreatic beta-cells pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01852-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pyroptosis induced by NETs was regulated by STING/IRE1α. A . ELISA was used to detect the LDH, IL-1β and IL-18; B - C . Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of related proteins in pyroptosis in Min6 cells with C-176 added; D - E . Flow cytometry was used to detect pyroptosis in Min6 cells with C-176 added induced by NETs; N = 3, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Mouse Irisin ELISA kit (E-EL-M2743), LDH ELISA kit (E-EL-M0419), IL-18 ELISA kit (E-EL-M0730) were purchased from Elabscience.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Uncovering the Critical Role of Cuproptosis in Wilson Disease: Insights Into Potential Therapeutic Targets

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70946

Figure Lengend Snippet: Liver tissue of ATP7B−/− mice exhibited inflammation and necrosis. (A) H&E staining of liver tissue from 20‐week‐old ATP7B−/− mice reveals significant liver damage, including hepatocyte swelling, mild fatty degeneration and cytoplasmic vacuolation (green arrows). Hepatic cords appear compact, with no evident sinusoidal dilation. Inflammatory cell infiltration (red arrows) and hepatocyte necrosis, characterised by nuclear fragmentation, condensation and hyperchromasia (yellow arrows), are observed. (B) H&E staining of liver tissue from 20‐week‐old WT mice shows well‐organised hepatocytes with minimal edema and lightly stained cytoplasm (blue arrow). Hepatic cords are arranged tightly, with slight sinusoidal dilation (yellow arrow) and no significant inflammatory infiltration. (C) Masson staining of liver tissue in ATP7B−/− mice. (D) Masson staining of liver tissue in WT mice. (E) Masson staining demonstrates significantly increased liver fibrosis in ATP7B−/− mice compared to WT mice. (F) Serum biochemical analysis indicates significantly elevated ALT, AST and LDH levels in ATP7B−/− mice, reflecting severe liver inflammation and damage. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ATP7B−/−, ATP7B knockout mice; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; WT, wild‐type control mice; * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: LDH levels were assessed using the Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Cytotoxicity Colorimetric Assay Kit (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) following the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Staining, Knock-Out, Control

Journal: Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Article Title: Activity of translation regulator eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase is increased in Parkinson disease brain and its inhibition reduces alpha synuclein toxicity

doi: 10.1186/s40478-018-0554-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of eEF2K inhibition on human AS cytotoxicity in differentiated N2A cells. a - b Western blot analysis of p-eEF2 (T56) levels in N2A cells subsequent to transient overexpression of human wild type or mutant A53T AS, with or without siRNA mediated eEF2K knockdown ( a ), and corresponding densitometry analysis ( b ) ( n = 6–9/group from three independent experiments; One-way ANOVA post-hoc Bonferroni test, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.005; error bars indicate Mean ± S.E.M). c Measurements of cytotoxicity by lactate dehydrogenase-LDH release in the culture medium ( c ) and FACS analysis of propidium iodide-PI staining ( d ) in N2A cells subsequent to transient overexpression of human wild type or mutant A53T AS, with or without siRNA mediated eEF2K knockdown ( n = 9–12/group from three independent experiments; One-way ANOVA post-hoc Bonferroni test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005, NS = not significant; error bars indicate Mean ± S.D.)

Article Snippet: Additional reagents and biochemical assays employed during these studies include: pool of small interference RNAs (SiRNAs) targeting mouse eEF2K (Santa Cruz, #sc-39,012), Cell Titer Glo ATP measurement kit (Promega, #G7570), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) fluorometric assay (Novus Biologicals, #NBP2–54851), Seahorse Mito stress test kit (Agilent, #103015–100), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) fluorescent ROS reagent (ThermoFisher, #D399), and MitoTracker Green fluorescent reagent for mitochondrial mass (ThermoFisher, #M7514).

Techniques: Inhibition, Western Blot, Over Expression, Mutagenesis, Knockdown, Staining